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Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of pigtail catheter applying in single port video assistant thoracic surgery(VATS) for pulmonary tumor.Methods:A total of 441 patients undergoing single port VATS were obtained in this study. The patients were divided into chest-tube group and pigtail-catheter group. We used propensity score matching to match the patients 1∶1 and the clinical factors of the two groups were compared.Results:There were 143 patients in each group successfully matched by propensity score matching. The total drainage of 3 days after operation of pigtail-catheter group was significantly more than chest-tube group(375.49 ml vs. 285.03 ml, P<0.001). The pleural effusion on CT scan two weeks after surgery of pigtail-catheter group was significantly less than chest-tube group(131.77 ml vs. 178.84 ml, P=0.032). There was no significant difference between the two groups for the pain score, drainage days and inpatient days. Conclusion:Pigtail catheter can effectively improve the drainage of single port VATS, and there was no influence for the advantage of the surgery.
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To analyze the correlation between lipid profile and disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).A total of 307 Crohn′s disease (CD) patients, 232 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and 165 healthy subjects from the same geographic region were included. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] were retrieved from their medical records. Crohn disease activity index (CDAI) and Mayo scores were calculated as measurement of disease severity for CD and UC separately. Patients with CD and UC had lower TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C levels than those in control group ( P<0.05). Additionally, CDAI was negatively associated with TC, HDL-C and LDL-C levels ( r=-0.218, -0.210, -0.176, P<0.05), while TG level was not associated with CDAI. Mayo scores was not significantly associated with TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and TG. Patients with CD had higher Lp(a) levels than those in UC and control group ( P<0.05). Furthermore, patients with active CD had higher Lp (a) levels than those with inactive disease ( P<0.05).The Lp(a) levels in CD patients were positively associated with CDAI ( r=0.151, P<0.05), while Lp(a) level in UC group was nor assocriated with Mayo score. Patients with IBD have dyslipidemia and lipid profile is associated with disease activity in CD patients.
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Objective:To apply the best evidence of evidence-based volume management in patients with chronic heart failure to clinical practice and evaluate its effect.Methods:From February 2018 to May 2019, according to the clinical evidence practice application mode of Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), and the best evidence obtained in the previous study, we constructed audit indicators. And then perfomed clinical audits for the patients with chronic heart failure in the department of cardiology of Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University. The obstacle factors were analyzed, and the action strategies were formulated. The cognition of the medical staff on the volume management, and the fasting body mass monitoring rate, the volume management target compliance rate, the time to dry body mass, average hospitalization day of the patients′, number of negative events related to volume management were compared before and after the application of the best evidence.Results:After the implementation of the reform, Indicator 8-14 and Indicator 20 of the 20 audit indicators implementation rate had been improved, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2 values were 6.668-97.000, P<0.05); the volume management target compliance rate increased from (34.24±30.33)% to (61.28±16.10)%, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 30.21, P<0.001); the time to dry body mass decreased from (10.89±3.46) days to (5.48±1.58) days, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 13.97, P<0.001); compared with the negative events related to the access control, the number of acute left heart failure cases decreased from 7 to 2 ( χ2 value was 4.194, P=0.041). Conclusion:Evidence-based volume management of patients with chronic heart failure can improve clinical nursing practice, shorten the time for patients to reach dry body mass, and reduce the average hospitalization day. Quality review still needs to continue to improve the quality of nursing.
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Background/Aims@#Some inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in remission suffer from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms (IBD-IBS). The pathogenesis has not yet been elucidated. The study aim is to evaluate relationships among quality of life (QOL), psychological status, and visceral sensitivity, and explore the formation mechanism of IBD-IBS. @*Methods@#Forty-seven patients with Crohn’s disease in remission, 24 ulcerative colitis in remission, 26 IBS, and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. The abdominal pain, QOL, anxiety, and depression were evaluated through questionnaires. Visceral sensitivity was measured by rectal balloon distension. The serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expressions of tryptase, 5-HT, NGF, and related receptors in colonic tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. @*Results@#Prevalence of IBS-like symptoms in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients in clinical remission was 29.8% and 50.0%, respectively. The QOL was lower, the anxiety/depression scores were higher in IBD-IBS patients than those without IBS-like symptoms. Additionally, patients with IBD-IBS existed visceral hypersensitivity. Besides, abdominal pain was associated with poor QOL, visceral hypersensitivity, anxiety, and depression in IBD-IBS patients. The number of mast cells (MCs) and expressions of 5-HT, NGF, and related receptors were higher in IBD-IBS patients than those with no such symptoms. The serum levels of 5-HT and NGF positively correlated with abdominal pain and visceral hypersensitivity. @*Conclusion@#IBD-IBS patients may have low QOL and psychological abnormalities, as wells as visceral hypersensitivity which may be related to increased 5-HT and NGF levels released from activated mast cells.
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Background/Aims@#Some inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in remission suffer from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms (IBD-IBS). The pathogenesis has not yet been elucidated. The study aim is to evaluate relationships among quality of life (QOL), psychological status, and visceral sensitivity, and explore the formation mechanism of IBD-IBS. @*Methods@#Forty-seven patients with Crohn’s disease in remission, 24 ulcerative colitis in remission, 26 IBS, and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. The abdominal pain, QOL, anxiety, and depression were evaluated through questionnaires. Visceral sensitivity was measured by rectal balloon distension. The serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expressions of tryptase, 5-HT, NGF, and related receptors in colonic tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. @*Results@#Prevalence of IBS-like symptoms in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients in clinical remission was 29.8% and 50.0%, respectively. The QOL was lower, the anxiety/depression scores were higher in IBD-IBS patients than those without IBS-like symptoms. Additionally, patients with IBD-IBS existed visceral hypersensitivity. Besides, abdominal pain was associated with poor QOL, visceral hypersensitivity, anxiety, and depression in IBD-IBS patients. The number of mast cells (MCs) and expressions of 5-HT, NGF, and related receptors were higher in IBD-IBS patients than those with no such symptoms. The serum levels of 5-HT and NGF positively correlated with abdominal pain and visceral hypersensitivity. @*Conclusion@#IBD-IBS patients may have low QOL and psychological abnormalities, as wells as visceral hypersensitivity which may be related to increased 5-HT and NGF levels released from activated mast cells.
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"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions. .
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Objective To investigate the sleep quality of pacemaker implanted patients,to analyze the relationships among neuroticism,positive psychological capital and sleep quality,and to examine the potential mediating effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between neuroticism and sleep quality. Methods Using convenience sampling, a total of 178 pacemaker implanted patients were interviewed and analyzed in two tertiary hospitals of Shandong province. They were assessed with Big Five Inventory,The Positive Psycap Questionnaireand Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indexfor the evaluation of neuroticism,positive psychological capital and sleep quality.The Process macro was used to test the mediating effect. Results The mean score of PSQI in patients with pacemaker implantation was (8.48± 4.50), and 71.3％of them had sleep problems.The scores of neuroticism had positively correlated with the PSQI scores(r=0.31, P<0.01), the scores of positive psychological capital had negatively correlated with the PSQI scores(r=- 0.39, P<0.01).The confidence interval from Bootstrap output indicated positive psychological capital played a mediating role between neuroticism and sleep quality (95％CI:0.06-0.23), mediation effect was 0.14, the percentage of mediation effect in total effect was 43.75％. Conclusions The relation of positive psychological capital to neuroticism and sleep quality among pacemaker implanted patients are intimate.Positive psychological capital could mediate the relationship between neuroticism and sleep quality. It is suggested that nurses can improve the patient′s sleep by enhancing the intervention of positive psychological capital according to the personality characteristics of patients.
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Objective To study the application of the third generation dual source CT in head and neck angiography.Methods Sixty patients admitted to our hospital for head and neck CT angiography were randomly divided into group A (n=30) and group B (n=30).The patients in group A were given 50 ml contrast medium and 50 ml normal saline with the tube voltage set at 90 kV while those in group B were given 40 ml contrast medium and 50 ml normal saline with the tube voltage set at 80 kV.The patients in two groups were given a different dose of contrast mediumnaproyan (370 mgI/ml).The signal noise ratio (SNR),contast noise ratio (CNR),effective dose and iodine intake volume at bilateral common carotid artery bifurcation were compared between the two groups.Results No significant difference was found in the image subjective score between groups A and B (4.167±0.698 vs 4.500±0.572,P=0.682).The mean idione intake volume was 14％ lower in group B than in group A (P=0.00).No significant difference was found in the SNR and CNR at bilateral common carotid artery bifurcation between the two groups.The effective dose was 17％ and 14％ lower in group B than in group A after plane scanning and contrast medium injection.Conclusion Application of the third generation dual source CT in head and neck angiography can achieve rather good images and is thus of a high value in its clinical application.
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Objective To study the effect of DNA-PKcs blocking on the expression of autophagic proteins,and proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells(EC109)after irradiation(X-Ray).Methods NU7441 was used to inhibit DNA-PKcs and X-Ray radiation treatment were used to treat EC109 cells.Th experiment was divided into 4 groups,including control group, NU7441 group,X-Ray group,X-Ray+ NU7441 group.The expressions of autophagy protein Beclin-1 and LC3B were detected by Western blot.Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation.Results The expression of p-DNA-PKcs in EC109 cells was decreased after NU7441 treatment and increased after X-ray irradiation.Compared with untreat-ed cells(control group),the expressions of both Beclin-1 and LC3B in X-Ray+NU7441 group were increased.Compared with the X-Ray group,the expression of Beclin-1 in the X-Ray+NU7441 group was increased.Compared with the control group,the apoptotic rate of EC109 cells in the X-Ray group and X-Ray+NU7441 group was significantly increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the X-Ray group the apoptosis rate in the X-Ray-NU7441 group was significantly increased.The MTT results showed that compared with the control group,the proliferation in the X-Ray group and X-Ray+NU7441 group was significantly inhibited, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion NU7441 inhibits the expression of DNA-PKcs protein in EC109 cells, which could promote the expressions of autophagy protein Beclin-1 and LC3B,promotes apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation.
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Objective·To investigate factors affecting the prognosis of aged esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy.Methods·Clinical data of 103 aged patients (≥ 80 years old) undergoing esophageetomy were collected.Effects of age,sex,clinical manifestations,pre-operative diseases,post-operative complications,T stage,lymph node metastasis,maximum diameter and location of the tumor,and surgical methods on the post-operative survival were analyzed.Results·1,3,and 5 years survival rates of 103 patients were 63.2％,15.9％,and 2.7％,respectively.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis indicated that the post-operative survival was significantly higher in patients with T1 and T2 stages than in patients with T3 stage.The 3 and 5 y survival rates of patients with T 1 stage were 50％ and 25％,respectively.Results of Cox regression multivariate analysis showed that T stage,maximum diameter of tumor,postoperative complications,and lymph node metastasis were independent factors affecting the post-operative survival.Conclusion·Esophageal cancer patients aged over 80 years with smaller tumor diameters,less postoperative complications,and negative lymph node metastasis have a longer post-operative survival period.Esophagectomy for patients with earlier stages (T1 and T2) can achieve an ideal post-operative survival period.
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Objective:To analyze the relationship among smoking, levels of homocysteine (Hcy), cystatin C (CysC), C reactive protein (CRP) and coronary heart disease (CHD) onset in young people.Methods:A total of 152 patients, who received selective coronary angiography because of chest pain in our hospital, were enrolled, and all subjects were <45 years old.According to examination results, they were divided into CHD group (n=100) and non-CHD group (n=52).Clinical data were analyzed in both groups, and Logistic multi-factor regression analysis was used to analyze independent risk factors for CHD in young people.Results:Compared with non-CHD group, there were significant rise in percentages of men (30.8% vs.65.0%), smoking (46.1% vs.68.0%) and hypertension (34.6% vs.51.0%), levels of CysC[(0.85±0.16) mg/L vs.(1.34±0.28) mg/L], CRP [(1.26±0.85) mg/L vs.(6.93±0.85) mg/L] and Hcy[(7.16±1.16) mol/L vs.(20.85±2.16) mol/L],P<0.05 or <0.01;multi-factor Logistic regression analysis indicated that male, hypertension, smoking, Hcy, CysC and CRP were risk factors for CHD in young people (OR=1.34~3.42, P<0.05 or <0.01).Conclusion:Male, smoking, total cholesterol, homocysteine, Cys C and C reactive protein are risk factors for CHD in young people.Therefore, these risk factors should be eliminated, or its risk should be reduced.
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Objective:To explore effect of early rehabilitation therapy on improving prognosis and quality of life (QOL) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) .Methods :A total of 120 AMI patients treated in our hospital were selected .According to random number table ,they were randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group (n=60 ,received routine treatment) and rehabilitation group (n=60 ,received routine treatment combined rehabilitation therapy ) .Clinical symptoms ,myocardial enzymes ,cardiac function indexes ,complications , QOL ,length of hospital stay and hospitalization cost were statistically analyzed and compared between two groups . Results :Compared with routine treatment group after treatment ,there were significant reductions in incidence rates of dizziness ,low back pain ,leg weakness ,constipation ,palpitations (P<0.05~ <0.01) ,abdominal distension and complications (36.7% vs .5.0% );significant rise in Barthel index [ (61.9 ± 8.7) scores vs .(86.4 ± 6.9) scores] , significant reductions in length of hospital stay [(13.8 ± 3.2) d vs .(5.9 ± 2.6) d] and hospitalization cost [(13600 ± 1450) RMB vs .(8600 ± 1240) RMB] in rehabilitation group ,P<0.05~ <0.01 .Conclusion:Early rehabilitation therapy can significantly improve prognosis and quality of life ,shorten length of hospital stay , lower hospitalization cost in patients with acute myocardial infarction ,which is worth clinical extending .
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Objective To investigate the potential of inflammatory markers for short-term prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 272 consecutive patients with acute cerebral infarction were divided into a high hs-CRP group (hs-CRP level ＞3 mg/L) and a low hs-CRP group (hs-CRP level ≤3 mg/L),and their general information and medical history were collected.The Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) stroke subtype classification was conducted and scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS),the Barthel index (BI) and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) were collected after admission.White blood cell count,blood glucose,blood homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein were measured within 24 hours following admission.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for short-term prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.Results Between the high hs-CRP group and the low hs-CRP group,there were significant differences in the incidences of atrial fibrillation history,cardiogenic embolism of TOAST,blood homocysteine,blood glucose,white blood cell count,NIHSS,BI and mRS score 1,7,14 days after admission (P＜0.05 for all).The hs-CRP level (OR=0.876,P＜0.001,95％ CI:0.817-0.917),white blood cell count (OR=1.137,P=0.029,95％ CI:1.013-1.275),lipid metabolism disorders (OR=2.863,P＜0.001,95％ CI:1.561-5.250),and BI score (OR=1.038,P=0.047,95％ CI:1.001-1.077) 1 day after stroke were independent risk factors for short-term prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.Conclusions Increased levels of the inflammatory marker hs-CRP and elevated white blood cell count may be independent risk factors for short-term prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of allitridum on rapidly delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) in HEK293 cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HEK293 cells were transiently transfected with HERG channel cDNA plasmid pcDNA3.1 via Lipofectamine. Allitridum was added to the extracellular solution by partial perfusion after giga seal at the final concentration of 30 µmol/L. Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the HERG currents and gating kinetics before and after allitridum exposure at room temperature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The amplitude and density of IHERG were both suppressed by allitridum in a voltage-dependent manner. In the presence of allitridum, the peak current of IHERG was reduced from 73.5∓4.3 pA/pF to 42.1∓3.6 pA/pF at the test potential of +50 mV (P<0.01). Allitridum also concentration-dependently decreased the density of the IHERG. The IC50 of allitridum was 34.74 µmol/L with a Hill coefficient of 1.01. Allitridum at 30 µmol/L caused a significant positive shift of the steady-state activation curve of IHERG and a markedly negative shift of the steady-state inactivation of IHERG, and significantly shortened the slow time constants of IHERG deactivation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Allitridum can potently block IHERG in HEK293 cells, which might be the electrophysiological basis for its anti-arrhythmic action.</p>
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Humans , Allyl Compounds , Pharmacology , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents , Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels , Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels , HEK293 Cells , Patch-Clamp Techniques , Potassium Channel Blockers , Pharmacology , Sulfides , Pharmacology , TransfectionABSTRACT
Objective In this study,we investigate the influence on nurses professional ability by the hierarchical level training under the advanced mode.Methods By referring to advanced mode of clinical expertise,combined with impacts including the ability of nurses,seniority factors,professional titles and educational background,1 527 nurses of our hospital were divided into five ranks (including nine grades).We developed training plan,training forms and training purposes aiming at all level of training objectives.In addition,we developed a training effect questionnaire and promotion criteria.All the nurses must be evaluated and compared with the traditional nursing mode,which contained 1 486 nurses as the control.Results Within two years after the start of the experiment in the observation group,1 106 nurses had been promoted.Compared with the traditional platform-based training model,nursing assessment indicators were significantly improved by the hierarchical level of training.Quality control of care services was significantly improved and the score of patient satisfaction was significantly increased.Nurses acceptance of tiered training was improved compared to the control group,published research papers were significantly increased.Conclusions Detailed training on the layer classification of the nurses can improve the ability of nurses including specialist knowledge,interpersonal communication and humanistic care,teaching,scientific research,management and other professional skills,so as to improve nursing quality and work efficiency.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of phacoemulsification and individualized intraocular lens implantation in senile cataract patients with super high myopia.Methods Thirty-six cases of senile cataract patients with super high myopia with 49 eyes underwent phacoemulsification and individualized intraocular lens implantation,postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity,best corrected visual acuity,diopter and surgical complications were observed.Results All surgical eyes visual acuity had improved to varying degrees,the postoperative far visual acuity in 0.05-0.30,the near visual acuity in 0.02-0.50,best corrected visual acuity 0.31-0.40 in 22 eyes (44.9％,22/49),≥ 0.5 in 14 eyes (28.6％,14/49).The postoperative diopter ＜-1.00 D in 3 eyes,-1.00 to-2.00 D in 16 eyes,-2.01 to-3.00 D in 27 eyes,and ＞-3.00 D in 3 eyes.Diopter difference with the goal ＜ ± 0.50 D in 21 eyes,± 0.50 D to ± 1.00 D in 18 eyes,＞ ± 1.00 D in 10 eyes.Postoperative corneal edema in 28 eyes,were completely disappeared within 1 week to 3 months,no retinal detachment and corneal decompensation and other serious complications.Conclusion Senile cataract patients with super high myopia are treated with phacoemulsification and individualized intraocular lens implantation,visions improve ideal and have good clinical efficacy.
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@#目的调查特勤疗养人员社会适应的特点。方法以症状自评量表（SCL-90）中与社会适应有关的3个因子（人际关系、敌对、偏执）对558名特勤疗养人员进行测评。结果特勤疗养人员3个因子有阳性症状的百分比为人际关系7.2%、敌对9.3%、偏执6.5%；特勤疗养员的得分明显低于军人常模和地方常模（P<0.01）；海勤疗养员在人际关系、敌对因子上明显高于空勤疗养员（P<0.01），偏执因子无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论特勤疗养员的社会适应状况良好。
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@# Objective To develop a scale of social adaptation degrees of special service personnel (referred to as scale) applying Traditional Chinese Medicine and psychological theory and to assess its reliability and validity. Methods By literature review, job analysis, inventory survey, topics interview, this scale was determined in dimensions, items and items pool based on theoretical model. Results After specialist important analysis and combining the different results of statistical analysis, including Cronbach's α coefficient, resolution factor, correlation analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, 6 dimensions, 14 factors and 40 items were finally kept in the scale. The dimensions were psychological characteristics, physical condition, intelligence level, interpersonal relationships, environmental factors and moral character. The factors were self-control, self-esteem character bias, self-confidence, physiological function, learning intelligence, creating intelligence, leadership intelligence, gregariousness, cooperative, confidence feeling, natural environment, social environment and moral character. Conclusion This scale was made on the basis of general international principle, it had good reliability and validity meeting measurement standard of traditional Chinese medicine and psychological theory, and it is an effective and practical evaluation tool of social adaptation degrees of special service personnel.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of spearmint oil on emphysema-like changes and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-9) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Emphysematous changes model was induced by intratracheal instillation of LPS once a week for up to 8 weeks in rats. Rats were divided into control, dexamethasone (0.3 mg x kg(-1)), and spearmint oil (10, 30,100 mg x kg(-1)) groups. Each group was treated with saline, dexamethasone, and spearmint of oil respectively for 4 weeks. Then total and different white blood cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were carried out. The pathologic changes of lung tissue such as alveolar structure, airway inflammation, and goblet cell metaplasia were observed by HE and AB-PAS staining. Expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TIMP-1 and MMP-9 were measured.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Both spearmint and dexamethasone decreased the destruction of pulmonary alveolus. The total and different white blood cell counts in BALF including neutrophile and lymphocyte of spearmint oil 100 mg x kg(-1) and dexamethasone group were significantly reduced, and the goblet cell metaplasia was also inhibited. Dexamethasone had inhibitory effect on the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TIMP-1 and MMP-9. Spearmint oil 30, 100 mg x kg(-1) significantly reduced TNF-alpha and IL-1beta respectively. Spearmint oil 10, 30 and 100 mg x kg(-1) had no effect on the expression of TIMP-1, but could decrease the expression of MMP-9 significantly in lung tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Spearmint oil has protective effect on rats with emphysematous changes, since it improves alveolar destruction, pulmonary inflammation, and goblet cell metaplasia. The mechanism may include reducing TNF-alpha, IL-1beta content and inhibiting overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in lung tissues.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Azo Compounds , Pharmacology , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid , Cell Biology , Goblet Cells , Interleukin-1beta , Metabolism , Leukocytes , Metabolism , Lipopolysaccharides , Lymphocytes , Metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 , Metabolism , Mentha spicata , Chemistry , Metaplasia , Monocytes , Metabolism , Neutrophils , Metabolism , Phytotherapy , Plant Oils , Therapeutic Uses , Pulmonary Emphysema , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Respiratory System , Pathology , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 , Metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , MetabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of 1,8-cineol on lung functions and mechanism in asthmatic guinea pigs. METHODS The guinea pig model was performed by intraperitoneal injection of the 0.5 ml Al(OH)_3 gel containing OVA 20 μg. The guinea pigs were constructed by immunization of intraperitoneal injection on the 0 day and the 7th day, and the experiment was performed on the 28th day. The effect of 1,8-cineol 10, 30 and 100 ml·kg~(-1) on the airway resistance(R_(aw)) and dynamic lung compliance (C_(dyn)) of asthmatic guinea pigs 1 h after challenge of OVA. The changes in leukocyte and different kinds of leukocyte in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after the challenge of OVA have been studied. The levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), interleukin(IL)-4, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in lungs of guinea pigs were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The changes in R_(aw) and C_(dyn) of asthmatic guinea pigs were investigated 17 h after challenge of OVA and inhalated methacholine (MCh). The changes in leukocyte and different kinds of leukocyte in BALF after the challenge of OVA have been studied. The levels of ECP, IL-4, IL-8 and TNF-α in lungs of guinea pigs were determined using ELISA. RESULTS 1,8-Cineol inhibited increase in R_(aw) and decrease in C_(dyn) from 1 to 30 min after challenge of OVA in model group. The levels of ECP, IL-4 and TNF-α in asthmatic model group were higher than those in normal control group(P<0.05). The levels of ECP, IL-4 and TNF-α of 1,8-cineol 100 mg·kg~(-1) group were significantly lower than those in asthmatic model group (P<0.01). The level of IL-8 of asthmatic model group didn't have any significant difference from that of control group. 1,8-Cineol 100 mg·kg~(-1) could significantly decrease the numbers of leukocyte and the percent of eosinophils in BALF. Seventeen hours after challenge of OVA, R_(aw) and C_(dyn) of asthmatic model group were higher than these of control group (P<0.05, P<0.01); 1,8-cineol 100 mg·kg~(-1) significantly inhibited the increase in R_(aw), compared with model group (P<0.05); 1,8-cineol 10, 30 and 100 mg·kg~(-1) improved the decrease in C_(dyn) after MCh-induced in model group which were challenged by OVA after 17 h; 1,8-cineol 100 mg·kg~(-1) could significantly decrease the numbers of leukocyte and the percent of neutrophils, the levels of ECP, IL-8 and TNF-α compared with asthmatic group. The level of IL-4 in asthmatic model group didn't have any significant difference from that in normal control group. CONCLUSION In the course of early stage of asthma, 1,8-cineol inhibites the asthma by decreasing the number of eosinophils and down-regulating the activity of EPO. In the course of later stage of asthma, 1,8-cineol inhibits or improves the aggravation and lasting states of asthma which is directly coursed by neutrophils accumulating in the BALF that related to the increase in IL-8.